Most international cargo damage is not a violent impact but carton collapse under prolonged stacking and shifting contents. Five-ply corrugated board suits loads up to 15 kg; beyond that, add a pallet or switch to crating.
Wooden packaging must meet ISPM 15 and carry the IPPC mark, or destination customs may require return or destruction. This applies to solid-wood pallets and dunnage, not just outer crates.
Humidity inside an ocean container can exceed 80%. Add desiccant for metal and electronics and leave cushioning space. Load heavy items low and light items high to avoid concentrated pressure.
Topics：PackingCargo Damage
